interesting...the drawing, I mean, as they show 120v power go 'to' the Inverter, yet it has no Charger built in, hence the Converter, and so the Inverter MUST have a built-in relay/ATS, to power the outlets when on gen or shore.
This means that the outlets powered by the inverter either are NOT run thru the Main Electrical panel, OR that the output 120v from the inverter is fed BACK into the Main panel, probably directly to a 'sub panel' breaker, where it then is wired to the circuits that the outlets are on.
The BREAKER that you tripped, causing you to lose power to all the inverted outlets, is the one that the Inverter is feeding, probably simply coming into the 'exit' of a breaker, which feeds a separate power bar within the panel, which the inverter circuit breaker attaches to, like mine. So, when you trip this 'inverter' breaker, you are breaking the power circuit between the inverter and the outlets.
SEND a picture of your Main Electric Panel box, showing all the breakers, and their labels...
AND, a picture of your Inverter, and possibly the wiring coming in/out of it
__________________
|