You'll have to assess whether anything is 'stripped' or broken. When you snap your pics, take some of the internal threads on the toilet (female) and external threads on the bolt (male). If you ca identify the type of toilet (usually stamped on the back). that may help if there's a fix to be had.
The spring is a very difficult thing to deal with. I'll attempt to find the video I saw on a tool some guy created for a $1 that assisted in getting the spring into the proper position. Some folks out here may know what I'm talking about and help scour youtube for the video. I'll post it if I find it.
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